HLCtools - Calculate Herd Lying Concordance Metrics

Calculates Herd Lying Concordance (HLC) metrics from individual animal lying-behaviour data. HLC is a continuous framework for quantifying group-level behavioural cohesion from between-animal dispersion within observation intervals. The package implements standard deviation, mean absolute deviation, interquartile range, and entropy formulations, lying-weighted extensions, threshold-based synchrony comparisons, temporal summaries, and descriptive method-ranking tools. The HLC formulations are introduced in this package; related approaches to cattle behavioural synchrony include Raussi et al. (2011) <doi:10.1017/S1751731110001928>, Kok et al. (2023) <doi:10.1016/j.applanim.2023.105906>, and the activity metric framework of van Dixhoorn et al. (2024) <doi:10.24072/pcjournal.489>.